These hallucinations may be vivid and frightening because you may not be fully asleep when you begin dreaming. For example, you might feel as if there is a stranger in your bedroom. They're called hypnopompic hallucinations if they happen upon waking. These are called hypnagogic hallucinations if they happen as you fall asleep. Hallucinations also may happen in bed without sleep paralysis. Sometimes people see things that aren't there during sleep paralysis.
Not everyone with sleep paralysis has narcolepsy. You may be aware of it happening and can recall it afterward. It's usually brief - lasting a few seconds or minutes. During sleep paralysis, you can't move or speak while falling asleep or upon waking. People with narcolepsy often experience sleep paralysis. Not everyone with narcolepsy has these symptoms. Some people with narcolepsy experience only one or two episodes of cataplexy a year. Or your knees may suddenly lose strength, causing you to fall. For example, when you laugh, your head may drop without your control. But sometimes fear, surprise or anger can cause the loss of muscle tone. Laughter or excitement may cause the symptoms. Often the emotions that cause cataplexy are positive. Symptoms may last up to a few minutes.Ĭataplexy can't be controlled. It can cause slurred speech or complete weakness of most muscles. When you awaken, you can't remember what you did, and you probably didn't do it well. You might continue to perform that task while asleep. For example, you may fall asleep while writing, typing or driving. Some people with narcolepsy continue doing a task when they fall asleep briefly. Feeling sleepy makes it hard to focus and function. Daytime sleepiness often is the first symptom to appear. You also may experience a decrease in how alert and focused you feel during the day. After waking, you'll often feel refreshed but you'll get sleepy again. You might fall asleep for only a few minutes or up to a half-hour. It can be especially dangerous if you fall asleep while driving. For example, you may be working or talking with friends and suddenly fall asleep. It may happen when you're bored or during a task. People with narcolepsy fall asleep without warning. They include:Įxcessive daytime sleepiness. In people with narcolepsy, the regulation of sleep is disrupted: the boundaries between wakefulness and sleep are less distinct, and elements of sleep and wakefulness can mix together.The symptoms of narcolepsy may get worse during the first few years of the disorder. To learn more about types of sleep and sleep cycles, see Healthy Sleep. In individuals without narcolepsy, REM sleep, non-REM sleep, and wakefulness are distinct states that do not mix together. In non-REM sleep, dreams are less common and the body is not paralyzed. REM sleep is characterized by dreams, quick eye movements, and paralysis of the limbs and trunk that prevents someone from acting out dreams and getting injured during sleep. Healthy sleep includes two types of sleep: rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep. To understand the symptoms of narcolepsy, it helps to first understand how sleep happens normally.
In addition to any of the typical narcolepsy symptoms, people with secondary narcolepsy also have severe neurological problems and require large amounts (>10 hours) of sleep. There also exists another, very rare type known as secondary narcolepsy, which occurs with injury to a deep part of the brain called the hypothalamus. People who have narcolepsy without cataplexy have sleepiness but no emotionally triggered muscle weakness, and generally have less severe symptoms.
Narcolepsy without cataplexy icd 10 full#
Narcolepsy is a manageable condition, and with an array of treatment strategies, people with narcolepsy can live full and rewarding lives.įor a one-page summary of narcolepsy and its symptoms, causes, and treatments, download What Is Narcolepsy? (PDF).Ĭlinicians now recognize two major types of narcolepsy: narcolepsy with cataplexy (muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions) and narcolepsy without cataplexy.
Narcolepsy affects women and men equally, occurring in about 1 in 2,000 people. The disorder usually begins between ages 10 and 20, although sometimes it starts as late as age 40 or 50. Symptoms typically develop over several months and last a lifetime. Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that causes persistent sleepiness and additional symptoms such as brief episodes of muscle weakness known as cataplexy, vivid, dreamlike hallucinations, brief episodes of paralysis when falling asleep or upon awakening (sleep paralysis), and fragmented nighttime sleep.
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